Prevalence of Anemia among Working Pregnant Women and Their Pregnancy Outcome
Downloads
The main focus of this study was to discover prevalence of anemia among working pregnant women and their pregnancy outcome in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional observational study methodology and a multi-stage random sampling technique were chosen to select the study place. Estimated sample size was 410. A prepared and pre-tested questionnaire was used for data collection. Data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Both analytical and descriptive components were used for analysis. Chi-square test was used to find the association. The results were presented with some tabular form as well as in a descriptive manner. About three-fourth of the pregnancies resulted in normal pregnancy outcome, while 23.6% of the surveyed pregnant women experienced abnormal pregnancy outcomes i.e., preterm delivery (0.5%), low-birth weight baby (22.9%) and stillbirth (0.2%). Prevalence of anemia was 65.9%, with 45.4%, 19.8% and 0.5% of the women being mildly, moderately and severely anemic. Analysis reveals that abnormal pregnancy (i.e. Low birth weight, preterm delivery and still birth) outcomes were relatively higher among older mothers and women having lower level of educational qualifications. Severity of anemia during pregnancy had a statistically significant association with abnormal pregnancy outcomes (p=.000). Positive correlation was also found between monthly family income and weight of the baby which was statistically significant (p=0.011).
Salih, S., Alqahtani, H., Almalki, A., Alfaifi, F., Gazwani, M., Faqehi, H., Otaif, A., Mashhour, K. and Hakami, N. (2015). Anemia and Dietary Habits among Pregnant Women in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. BJMMR.10(9): 1-8.
Asma Rumanaz Shahid, Asma Ul Hosna and Ashraful Alam. (2012). Pregnancy and Nutrition. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science. Vol. 11, No 4.
Abel, G. and Afework, M. (2015). Prevalence of Anemia and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in North Western Zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Nutr Metab.
Kalimbira, A.A., Mtimuni, B.M. and Chilima, D.M. (2009).Maternal Knowledge and Practices Related to Anemia and Iron Supplementation in Rural Malawi: A Cross-sectional Study. African Journal of Food Agriculture Nutrition and Development. Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 550-564.
Rahman, M.M., Abe, S.K., Rahman, M.S., Kanda, M., Narita, S., Bilano, V., Ota, E., et al. (2016), “Maternal anemia and risk of adverse birth and health outcomes in low-and middle income countries: systematic review and meta-analysis, 2”, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Oxford University Press, Vol. 103 No. 2, pp. 495–504.
WHO (World Health Organization). (2016). Intermittent Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation in Non-Anemic Pregnant Women in Malaria-Endemic Areas. Jan 27, 2016.
Geta, T. G., Gebremedhin, S., & Omigbodun, A. O. (2022). Prevalence and predictors of anemia among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis. PLOS ONE, 17(7), e0267005
Cantarutti, A., Franchi, M., Monzio Compagnoni, M., Merlino, L., & Corrao, G. (2017). Mother’s education and the risk of several neonatal outcomes: An evidence from an Italian population-based study. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 17(1).
Banchani E, Tenkorang EY. Determinants of low birth weight in Ghana: Does quality of antenatal care matter? 2020. Matern Child Health J. 24(5):668–677. doi: 10.1007/s10995-020-02895-6.
Zhou H, Wang A, Huang X, Guo S, Yang Y, Martin K, Wang Y. 2019. Quality antenatal care protects against low birth weight in 42 poor counties of Western China. PloS one. 2019;14(1):e0210393.
Jung J., Rahman M.M., Rahman M.S., Islam, M.R., Rahman, M.O., and Akter, S. 2019. Effects of hemoglobin levels during pregnancy on adverse maternal and infant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann N Y Acad. Sci. 2019;1450(1):69-82.
Amosu AM, Degun AM. 2014. Impact of maternal nutrition on birth weight of babies. Biomed Res 2014; 25: 75–78.
World Health Organization. 2011. Hemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anemia and assessment of severity. World Health Organization.
Ngimbudzi, E. B., Massawe, S. N., & Sunguya, B. F. (2021). The burden of anemia in pregnancy among women attending the antenatal clinics in Mkuranga district, Tanzania. Front Public Health, 9:724562
All Content should be original and unpublished.