Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Slaughterhouses in Can Tho and An Giang Provinces, Vietnam
Downloads
Slaughterhouses are critical interfaces for the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria between animals, humans, and the environment. This study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and multidrug resistance (MDR) of Escherichia coli isolated from slaughterhouses in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. A total of 72 samples, including feces (n = 48), wastewater (n = 8), and floor swabs (n = 16), were collected from the Can Tho and An Giang provinces. Isolation and identification were performed using standard microbiological methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted using the disk diffusion method following CLSI guidelines. The prevalence of E. coli was 77.03% in fecal samples, 37.50% in wastewater, and 50.00% in floor swabs, with significantly higher rates in An Giang (p < 0.05). High resistance was observed for streptomycin (79.31–89.83%) and ampicillin (51.72–86.44%), while resistance to colistin remained low (≤6.90%). Overall, 87.6% of isolates were multidrug-resistant. These findings highlight the widespread occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in slaughterhouse environments and emphasize the need for improved hygiene and prudent antimicrobial use to mitigate public health risks.
Aidara-Kane, A., Angulo, F. J., Conly, J. M., Minato, Y., Silbergeld, E. K., McEwen, S. A., & Collignon, P. J. (2018). World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines on use of medically important antimicrobials in food-producing animals. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 7, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-017-0294-9
Bui, T. M. H., Nguyen, T. T., & Dang, N. T. (2021). Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in slaughterhouses in Vietnam. Veterinary World, 14(5), 1205–1212.
Carrique-Mas, J. J., & Rushton, J. (2017). Integrated interventions to tackle antimicrobial usage in animal production systems: The ViParc project in Vietnam. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 1062. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01062
Carrique-Mas, J. J., Choisy, M., Van Cuong, N., Thwaites, G., & Baker, S. (2020). An estimation of total antimicrobial usage in humans and animals in Vietnam. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 9, 16.
Do, T. T., Nguyen, T. H., & Le, H. T. (2019). Antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolated from pig farms in southern Vietnam. Journal of Veterinary Science, 20(2), e28.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). (2021). The European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria. EFSA Journal, 19(4), e06490.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2016). The FAO action plan on antimicrobial resistance 2016–2020. FAO.
Hoang, T. A., Nguyen, V. H., & Pham, T. D. (2020). Environmental contamination with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in slaughterhouses. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192, 1–10.
Holmes, A. H., Moore, L. S. P., Sundsfjord, A., et al. (2016). Understanding the mechanisms and drivers of antimicrobial resistance. The Lancet, 387(10014), 176–187.
Khanh, N. N. T., Trung, N. V., Van Cuong, N., et al. (2017). Antimicrobial use and resistance in poultry production in Vietnam. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 10, 111–116.
Laxminarayan, R., Duse, A., Wattal, C., et al. (2013). Antibiotic resistance—the need for global solutions. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 13(12), 1057–1098.
Le, T. H., Ng, C., Chen, H., et al. (2015). Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in aquatic environments in Southeast Asia. Water Research, 82, 221–229.
Le, V. P., Nguyen, T. T. H., & Pham, Q. D. (2018). Antimicrobial resistance in livestock production systems in Southeast Asia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 50, 1589–1597.
Marshall, B. M., & Levy, S. B. (2011). Food animals and antimicrobials: Impacts on human health. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 24(4), 718–733.
Nguyen, N. T., Nguyen, H. M., Nguyen, C. V., et al. (2016). Use of antimicrobials in animal production in Vietnam: A review. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 136, 117–123.
Nguyen, T. T. H., Van Nguyen, K., & Le, T. H. (2023). Multidrug-resistant E. coli in food animals and slaughterhouses in Vietnam. Antibiotics, 12(4), 678.
Nguyen, V. T., Carrique-Mas, J. J., Ngo, T. H., et al. (2015). Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of E. coli in livestock in Vietnam. Zoonoses and Public Health, 62(7), 557–565.
Nhung, N. T., Cuong, N. V., Thwaites, G., & Carrique-Mas, J. (2016). Antimicrobial usage and resistance in animal production: A review of the situation in Vietnam. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 136, 108–116.
O’Neill, J. (2016). Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: Final report and recommendations. Review on Antimicrobial Resistance.
Pham, D. K., Chu, J., Do, N. T., et al. (2015). Monitoring antimicrobial use and resistance in Vietnam. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 70(12), 3344–3351.
Prestinaci, F., Pezzotti, P., & Pantosti, A. (2015). Antimicrobial resistance: A global multifaceted phenomenon. Pathogens and Global Health, 109(7), 309–318.
Rhouma, M., Beaudry, F., & Letellier, A. (2016). Resistance to colistin: What is the fate for this antibiotic in pig production? International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 48(2), 119–126.
Silbergeld, E. K., Graham, J., & Price, L. B. (2008). Industrial food animal production, antimicrobial resistance, and human health. Annual Review of Public Health, 29, 151–169.
Tang, K. L., Caffrey, N. P., Nóbrega, D. B., et al. (2017). Restricting antibiotic use in food-producing animals and its associations with antibiotic resistance. The Lancet Planetary Health, 1(8), e316–e327.
Trung, N. V., Carrique-Mas, J. J., Nghia, N. H., et al. (2021). Non-typhoidal Salmonella and Escherichia coli in Vietnam: Antimicrobial resistance patterns. Zoonoses and Public Health, 68(5), 479–489.
Van Boeckel, T. P., Brower, C., Gilbert, M., et al. (2015). Global trends in antimicrobial use in food animals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112(18), 5649–5654.
Van Cuong, N., Nhung, N. T., Nghia, N. H., et al. (2016). Antimicrobial consumption in medicated feeds in Vietnamese pig and poultry production. EcoHealth, 13, 490–498.
Wang, J., Ma, Z. B., Zeng, Z. L., et al. (2017). The role of wildlife in the transmission of antimicrobial resistance. Microbiology Spectrum, 5(3).
World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Global priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. WHO.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system (GLASS) report. WHO.
World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH/OIE). (2020). Annual report on antimicrobial agents intended for use in animals.
Zhang, X. X., Zhang, T., & Fang, H. H. P. (2009). Antibiotic resistance genes in water environment. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 82, 397–414.
Zurfluh, K., Nüesch-Inderbinen, M., Morach, M., et al. (2015). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in food. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 200, 1–8.
Copyright (c) 2026 Danh Thi Thuy Trang, Pham Nguyen Vu, Ngo Văn Thong
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
All Content should be original and unpublished.
