A Multifaceted Microorganism Klebsiella And Its Culture-Independent Real-Time PCR Based Detection and Enumeration: ‘An Emerging Threats’ in Potable Water

fecal coliforms, bacteriological contamination, real-time PCR, Klebsiella, pathogenic bacteria

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February 27, 2026
February 28, 2026

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The altered worldwide surroundings and changed microbial population has sternly declined the worth of water quality and executed amplified health risks on human beings due to absence of safe and unspoiled water. Klebsiella is one of the fecal coliform bacteria of family Enterobacteriaceae. It is an opportunistic pathogen which previously used as an indicator for microbial water pollution along with fecal coliforms namely Escherichia coli, Citrobacter, and Enterobacter, but is now known to cause numerous diseases in human beings. In this study we collected 30 samples of potable water and confirmed the existence of Klebsiella using the conserved sequence of mdh gene with the application of SYBR green based real-time PCR, which demonstrated very high specificity and stringency in detection approach. The Klebsiella levels in potable water at sites: A-J targeting mdh gene were 4760± 184.68, ND (not detected), ND, ND, 1.52 x102± 4.51, 5.66 x102 ±16.92, 5.82 x102 ±18.79, 1.94 x103± 64.80, 2.56 x103± 89.08 and 3.72 x103± 148.06 CFU/100 ml, (p<0.05) respectively. This assay could be applied in the detection and regular monitoring of potable water to check waterborne diseases and Klebsiella caused outbreaks.